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Labour Standards in the World Trade Organisation
Labour Standards in the World Trade Organization are binding rules, which form a part of the jurisprudence and principles applied within the rule making institutions of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Labour standards play an implicit, but not an overt role within the WTO, however it forms a prominent issue facing the WTO today, and has generated a wealth of academic debate.〔World Trade Organization, Trade and Labour Standards: Subject of intense debate accessed 4/3/2007, http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min99_e/english/about_e/18lab_e.htm〕
The debate about the extent to which the WTO should recognise labour standards is typically based on the principles found in Conventions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), as well as mainstream human rights treaties, most prominently, the International Bill of Human Rights.〔Includes the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and its two protocols.〕
== WTO Overview ==
(詳細はinter alia "raising standards of living, () ensuring full employment…".〔World Trade Organization, 'Preamble', Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, par. 1 http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/04-wto.pdf〕 This is achieved through a series of trade liberalising agreements based on consensus from the WTO's 150 members who form the General Council.〔World Trade Organization, Understanding the WTO: The Organization, Members and Observers accessed 4/3/2007 http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm 〕 The General Council, sitting as the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) has the jurisdictional power to solve disputes brought before it, and is able to approve trade restrictive measures to enforce compliance with agreements.〔World Trade Organization, Understanding the WTO: Settling Disputes accessed 4/03/2007 http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/disp1_e.htm〕 The WTO's dispute settlement process is compulsory and the DSB's recommendations and rulings immediately become binding international law.〔Jackson, J 2005, 'The Role of International Law in Trade', Georgetown Journal of International Law, Vol. 36; Iss. 3; pp 663, 5〕
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